<def-root>This frame contains perception words whose perceivers intentionally direct their attention to some entity or phenomenon in order to have a perceptual experience. For this reason we call the perceiver role in this frame <fen>Perceiver_agentive</fen>.
<ex><fex name="per">She</fex> <t>gazed</t> <fex name="Phenomenon">upon him</fex> <fex name="Manner">fondly</fex>.</ex>
Comparing the Perception_active frame to the Perception_experience frame, we note that for some modalities there are different lexical items in each frame. For instance, whereas Perception_active contains the verb phrase <ment>look at</ment>, Perception_experience contains <ment>see</ment>. For other sense modalities, we find the same lexical item in both frames. To illustrate, consider the verb <ment>smell</ment>.
This first sentence exemplifies the Perception_active use of the verb <ment>smell</ment>:<ex><t>Smell</t> <fex name="Phenomenon">this</fex> <fex name="Purpose">to see if it's fresh</fex>.<fex name="Perceiver_agentive">CNI</fex></ex>
This second sentence exemplifies its Perception_experience sense:
<ex>I <t>smell</t> something rotten.</ex>
</def-root>
<def-root>The <fen>Perceiver_agentive</fen> performs some action in order to have a perceptual experience. It is expressed as an External Argument:
<ex><fex name="Perceiver_agentive">The waiter</fex> <t>smelled</t> the milk to see if it was fresh.</ex></def-root>
<def-root><fen>Phenomenon</fen> indicates the entity or phenomenon to which the <fen>Perceiver_agentive</fen> directs his or her attention in order to have a perceptual experience. Typically, it is expressed as an Object with verbs.
<ex>The waiter <t>smelled</t> <fex name="Phenomenon">the milk</fex> to see if it was fresh.</ex>
<ex>The policeman <t>watched</t> <fex name="Phenomenon">him</fex> <fex name="Phenomenon">run out the door</fex></ex></def-root>
<def-root><fen>Body_part</fen> identifies the part of the body used as a sensory organ of the <fen>Perceiver_agentive</fen>, typically expressed in a <ment>with</ment>-PP.
<ex>You should <t>feel</t> the water <fex name="Body_part">with your toes</fex> before jumping in.</ex>
This frame element occurs infrequently in this frame, because most of the target words intrinsically imply what part of the body is used (e.g. smelling must be done with the nose). However, the verb <ment>feel</ment> does take this frame element, because touch is not localized on the body the same way as other modalities . <fen>Body_part</fen> may be expressed in other modalities when it adds specificity to what is implied by the target word in question.
<ex>I was now able to breathe properly and started to <t>feel</t> over my body <fex name="BodP">with both hands</fex>.</ex>
<ex>I <t>looked</t> at the wreckage <fex name="Body_part">with my good eye</fex>.</ex></def-root>
<def-root>This FE is the position of the Perceiver during the act of perception. Typically, it is expressed in a <ment>from</ment>-PP.
<ex>We <t>watched</t> the parade <fex name="Location_of_protagonist">from the roof</fex>.</ex></def-root>
<def-root><fen>Direction</fen> is used for all path-like expressions that describe how the perceiver's attention is directed during the act of perception, with the exception of those indicating the location of the <fen>Perceiver_agentive</fen> (which would be marked <fen>Location_of_perceiver</fen>)
<ex>The detective <t>looked</t> <fex name="Direction">across the street</fex> at the suspect.</ex>
<ex>The detective <t>listened</t> <fex name="Direction">through the wall</fex> to their conversation.</ex></def-root>
<def-root><fen>State</fen> is used for predicate expressions that apply to the <fen>Phenomenon</fen>, providing some information about the state it is in while the perceiver's attention is directed to it: <ex>The detective <t>watched</t> the suspect <fex name="Depictive">fleeing</fex>.</ex>
<ex>Pat <t>tasted</t> the cookie dough <fex name="Depictive">raw</fex>.</ex></def-root>
<def-root><fen>State</fen> is the location, activity, or other characteristic of the <fen>Phenomenon</fen>.
<ex>I <t>tasted</t> the soup <fex name="State">in the fridge</fex>.</ex>
<ex>I <t>stared</t> at the man <fex name="State">running out the door</fex>.</ex></def-root>
<def-root><fen>Manner</fen> expressions may be of lexicographic interest if they describe properties of active perception as such: <ment>closely</ment>, <ment>carefully</ment>, etc.
<ex>Dan <t>looked</t> at the inscription <fex name="Manr">carefully</fex>.</ex></def-root>
<def-root>The <fen>Means</fen> indicates the tool or method the <fen>Perceiver_agentive</fen> is using to actively perceive the <fen>Phenomenon</fen>. May be confused with <fen>Direction</fen> in cases with <ment>through</ment>-PP, but is referring more to the instrument used than the path used.
<ex>Joann <t>peeked</t> at John <fex name="Mns">through the binoculars</fex></ex>
<ex>You can <t>observe</t> distant galaxies <fex name="Mns">with a good telescope</fex>. </ex>
<ex>He <t>observed</t> babies <fex name="Mns">using ultrasound</fex> and discovered that each showed a preference for one or the other thumb.</ex></def-root>
<def-root>When the activity of attempting to perceive occurs.</def-root>
<def-root>Some action that the <fen>Perceiver_agentive</fen> is trying to accomplish by directing their own attention.
<ex>She <t>listened</t> to the music <fex name="Purp">to find out if it was actually written by Satan</fex>.</ex></def-root>
<def-root>The general location within which the act of perception takes place.</def-root>
<def-root>This FE identifies the <fen>Duration</fen> of time for which the Perception takes place.
<ex>I <t>WATCH</t> them <fex name="Dur">for quite a while</fex> .</ex></def-root>
<def-root>An entity or state-of-affairs that the <fen>Perceiver_agentive</fen> hopes, fears, or expects to find within the <fen>Phenomenon</fen>.
<ex><t>Watch</t> <fex name="exp">for little errors with hand position</fex>.</ex>
<ex>While Bertha was n't looking, he carefully <t>smelt</t> the soup <fex name="exp">for any trace of the poison</fex>.</ex></def-root>
<def-root><fen>Ground</fen> is the perceptual background against which the <fen>Phenomenon</fen> is experienced by the <fen>Perceiver_agentive</fen>.
<ex>Kim <t>looked</t> at the cloud <fex name="Ground">against the blue sky</fex>.</ex>
</def-root>
<def-root>The <fen>Obscuring_medium</fen> is the medium through which the <fen>Phenomenon</fen> makes itself perceivable to the <fen>Perceiver_agentive</fen>. This is similar to the <fen>Direction</fen>, but occurs in the opposite direction and implies a movement of the <fen>Phenomenon</fen>.
<ex>I <t>eavesdropped</t> on them <fex name="Obscuring_medium">through the wall</fex></ex>.</def-root>
Perception
Intentionally_act
Touring
Attention
Scrutiny
Perception_experience
FN: perceive, note
COD: secretly listen to a conversation
COD: perceive, examine, or search by touch.
COD: a steady intent look
COD: look steadily and intently
COD: a brief or hurried look
COD: take a brief or hurried look.
COD: give one's attention to a sound; make an effort to hear something
COD: the act of directing one's gaze in a specified direction
COD: direct one's gaze in a specified direction
COD: the action or process of closely observing or monitoring
COD: notice; perceive; watch intently
COD: examine (a part of the body) by touch, especially for medical purposes.
COD: a quick or furtive look
COD: look quickly or furtively.
COD: look quickly and furtively
COD: look with difficulty or concentration.
COD: appreciate and enjoy the taste of (good food or drink)
COD: sniff at (something) in order to ascertain its odour
FN: the action of drawing air audibly through the nose, especially for smelling
FN: smell or inhale (something) deliberately
COD: observe furtively
COD: a fixed look at someone or something with the eyes wide open
COD: look fixedly at someone or something with the eyes wide open
COD: the sensation of flavour perceived in the mouth on contact with a substance
COD: sample or test the flavour of
COD: look at or inspect
COD: look at attentively
COD: look at someone or something with partly closed eyes
COD: look at with pleasure
COD: to look at closely or with interest.
COD: stare with one's mouth open wide in amazement or wonder.
COD: stare openly and stupidly.
COD: look with wide open eyes, typically in amazement or wonder.