<def-root>The words in this frame describe motion involving a <fen>Vehicle</fen> and someone who controls it, the <fen>Driver</fen>. Some words normally allow the <fen>Vehicle</fen> to be expressed as a separate constituent.
<ex><fex name="Driver">Tim</fex> <t>drove</t> <fex name="Vehicle">his car</fex> <fex name="Path">all the way across North America</fex>.</ex>
<ex><fex name="Driver">Tom</fex> <t>paddled</t> <fex name="Vehicle">my canoe</fex> <fex name="Path">across the Canadian border</fex>.</ex>
Other words in this domain are based on the names of vehicles, and do not normally allow the <fen>Vehicle</fen> to be expressed as a separate constituent.
<ex><fex name="Driver">The group</fex> <t>biked</t> all the way across the country.</ex>
However, a separate <fen>Vehicle</fen> constituent can occur if it adds information not included in the verb.
<ex><fex name="Driver">Tim</fex> <t>biked</t> across the country <fex name="Vehicle">on an old 10-speed</fex>.</ex></def-root>
<def-root>This is the being, typically human, that controls the <fen>Vehicle</fen> as it moves.
<ex><fex name="Driver">Kim</fex> <t>drove</t> my old car cross-country.</ex></def-root>
<def-root>This is the means of conveyance controlled by the <fen>Driver</fen>. It may move in any way or medium. With verbs, <fen>Vehicle</fen> is usually expressed as Object:
<ex>I <t>drove</t> <fex name="Vehicle">my car</fex> to Canada.</ex> </def-root>
<def-root>Any expression which implies a definite starting-point of motion expresses the frame element <fen>Source</fen>. In prepositional phrases, the prepositional object expresses the starting point of motion. With particles, the starting point of motion is understood from context.
<ex>Kim <t>drove</t> <fex name="Source">out of town</fex>.</ex>
<ex>Kim <t>drove</t> <fex name="Source">away</fex>.</ex> </def-root>
<def-root>Any description of a trajectory of motion which is neither a <fen>Source</fen> nor a <fen>Goal</fen> expresses the frame element <fen>Path</fen>. This includes directional expressions and "middle of path'' expressions, e.g.:
<ex>The bikers <t>rode</t> <fex name="Path">through the desert</fex>.</ex> </def-root>
<def-root>Any expression which tells where the moving object(s) ends up as a result of the motion expresses the frame element <fen>Goal</fen>. Some particles imply the existence of a <fen>Goal</fen> which is understood in the context of utterance.
<ex>Kim <t>drove</t> <fex name="Goal">into the parking lot</fex>.</ex>
<ex>Kim <t>drove</t> <fex name="Goal">in</fex>.</ex> </def-root>
<def-root>Any expression which describes a property of motion which is not directly related to the trajectory of motion expresses the frame element <fen>Manner</fen>. Descriptions of steadiness, grace, and other things count as <fen>Manner</fen> expressions.
<ex>The bikers <t>rode</t> <fex name="Manner">recklessly</fex> through the desert.</ex> <ex>The bikers <t>rode</t> <fex name="Manner">haltingly</fex> over the rough terrain.</ex> </def-root>
<def-root>Any expression which characterizes the extent of motion expresses the frame element <fen>Distance</fen>.
<ex>The bikers <t>rode</t> <fex name="Dist">hundreds of miles</fex>.</ex> </def-root>
<def-root>This frame element is used for expressions which describe a general area in which motion takes place when the motion is understood to be irregular and not to consist of a single linear path. Locative setting adjuncts of motion expressions may also be assigned this frame element.
<ex>The bikers <t>rode</t> <fex name="Area">all over the place</fex>.</ex> </def-root>
<def-root>The state of the <fen>Driver</fen> or <fen>Vehicle</fen> during the Transportation.
<ex>I was <t>flying</t> <fex name="Dep">blind</fex>.</ex>
<ex>Murray <t>drove</t> the car, <fex name="Dep">still unpainted</fex>, right through the store front.</ex></def-root>
<def-root>An event that the <fen>Driver</fen> is also participating in while directing the <fen>Vehicle</fen>.
<ex>How long have you <t>flown</t> <fex name="Event">combat missions</fex>?</ex></def-root>
<def-root>The action performed by the <fen>Driver</fen> by which the <fen>Driver</fen> achieves directed Transportation.
<ex>I managed to <t>bike</t> home <fex name="Mns">by holding the left handlebar in my teeth</fex>!</ex></def-root>
<def-root>Result of the <fen>Driver</fen>'s action.</def-root>
<def-root>This is a second moving object, expressed as a PP headed by <ment>with</ment>.</def-root>
<def-root>The <fen>Speed</fen> is the rate at which the <fen>Vehicle</fen> moves.</def-root>
<def-root>The <fen>Route</fen> is the road or path that the <fen>Vehicle</fen> regularly travels on.
<ex>United Airlines <t>flies</t> <fex name="Route">the London-New York route</fex>.</ex></def-root>
<def-root>This FE indicates the <fen>Circumstances</fen> under which the operation of the <fen>Vehicle</fen> takes place.</def-root>
<def-root>The <fen>Place</fen> describes the location of a more specific motion (which has <fen>Source</fen>, <fen>Path</fen> or <fen>Goal</fen>).</def-root>
<def-root>The length of the time interval during which the <fen>Driver</fen> operates the <fen>Vehicle</fen>.
<ex>Henry would <t>bike</t> through the woods<fex name="Duration">for hours</fex> in all kinds of weather</ex></def-root>
<def-root>The <fen>Time</fen> when the <fen>Driver</fen> operates the <fen>Vehicle</fen>
<ex><fex name="Time">Yesterday</fex>, Smithers <t>paddled</t> his boat across the lake and back</ex></def-root>
<def-root>The extent to which the Vehicle crosses a boundary or the extent to which the Vehicle completes a course.
<ex>Sylvie <t>paddled</t> <fex name="Degree">completely</fex> around the breakwater</ex>
<ex>Eugene<t>drove</t> <fex name="Degree">completely</fex> off the highway and turned the engine off</ex></def-root>
<def-root>The state-of-affairs that the <fen>Driver</fen> tries to bring about by the way that they direct the <fen>Vehicle</fen>.
<ex>I <t>bike</t> to work <fex name="pur">to save money</fex>.</ex></def-root>
<def-root>Expressions marked with this extra-thematic FE modify a non-iterative use of the target, and indicate that it is conceived as embedded within an iterated series of similar events or states. </def-root>
<def-root>The reason for which the Operate_vehicle event occurs.</def-root>
<def-root>"How often" the Operate_vehicle event occurs.</def-root>
Operating_a_system
Use_vehicle
Motion
Piracy
Operate_vehicle_scenario
Motion
FN: move by operating a balloon
COD: ride a bicycle
COD: ride a bicycle or motorcycle.
COD: travel in a boat.
COD: travel in or paddle a canoe.
FN: (of a group) to travel in a line of separate vehicles
COD: ride a bicycle
COD: travel in a car.
COD: propel (a boat or canoe) with a paddle or paddles.
COD: drop or cause to drop by parachute.
COD: move (a bicycle, pedalo, etc.) by working the pedals.
COD: travel or convey in a punt.
COD: travel or transport on or as if on a raft
COD: propel (a boat) with oars
COD: move on ice skates or roller skates in a gliding fashion.
COD: ride or carry on a sledge
FN: to follow a course against the wind when sailing
COD: (with reference to an aircraft) move or cause to move slowly along the ground before take-off or after landing.
COD: ride on a toboggan.
FN: control a vehicle to move smoothly and in an efficient manner
COD: operate and control the direction and speed of a motor vehicle.
COD: sit on and control the movement of (a horse, bicycle, or motorcycle).
FN: operate and control the motion of a watercraft.
COD: control the flight of (an aircraft)