<def-root>In this frame a <fen>Hindrance</fen> makes it more difficult for a <fen>Protagonist</fen> to complete their intended <fen>Action</fen> or a <fen>Hindrance</fen> directly affects an <fen>Action</fen> where the <fen>Action</fen> can be a natural act or the actions of many individuals in a collective endeavor. Crucially, these lexical units do not entail that the <fen>Protagonist</fen> was unable to complete the <fen>Action</fen> or that the <fen>Action</fen> did not occur. The <fen>Hindrance</fen> may indicate a lack of enablement or an obstacle on the natural progression of the <fen>Protagonist</fen> or <fen>Action</fen>
<ex> <fex name="Protagonist">Malcolm</fex> was <t>hindered</t> <fex name="Hindrance">by his drinking problem</fex> . </ex>
<ex> <fex name="Hindrance">A lack of money</fex> <t>hampered</t> <fex name="Action">our plans</fex> . </ex>
<ex> <fex name="Action">Many candidates' progress</fex> is <fex name="Degree">severely</fex> <t>impeded</t> <fex name="Hindrance">because they have to resit for the exam</fex>. </ex>
<ex> <fex name="Hindrance">The new dam</fex> <t>impeded</t> <fex name="Action">the flow of water</fex> . </ex></def-root>
<def-root>The <fen>Protagonist</fen> is the entity that tends towards or plans some <fen>Action</fen> which the <fen>Hindrance</fen> causes to be more difficult.</def-root>
<def-root>The <fen>Hindrance</fen> is the force which makes the <fen>Action</fen> more difficult or less likely to be successfully completed. The <fen>Hindrance</fen> may be a lack of enabling force: <ex> <fex name="Action">The project</fex> was <t>hampered</t> <fex name="Hindrance">by a lack of funds</fex>. </ex> or the <fen>Hindrance</fen> may be an obstacle in the natural progression of the <fen>Protagonist</fen> or <fen>Action</fen>. <ex> <fex name="Protagonist">Burns</fex> was <t>hindered</t> <fex name="Hindrance">by Smither's violent attack</fex>. </ex></def-root>
<def-root>The <fen>Action</fen> is what the <fen>Protagonist</fen> desires to do, which is made more difficult by the <fen>Hindrance</fen>. It can also be a natural act or collective endeavor, not linked to an overt <fen>Protagonist</fen>.</def-root>
<def-root>The <fen>Time</fen> is when the <fen>Hindrance</fen> affects the <fen>Protagonist</fen> or <fen>Action</fen>.</def-root>
<def-root>The <fen>Place</fen> is the location where he <fen>Hindrance</fen> affects the <fen>Protagonist</fen> or <fen>Action</fen>.</def-root>
<def-root>The <fen>Degree</fen> is the extent to which the <fen>Hindrance</fen> affects the <fen>Protagonist</fen> or <fen>Action</fen>.</def-root>
<def-root>This FE describes the means by which hindering occurs</def-root>
<def-root>This FE label is used for the cause of the <t>Hindrance</t></def-root>
<def-root>The manner in which hindering occurs</def-root>
<def-root>The length of time over which the hindering takes place.
<ex>The exporting of goods from the United States was <t>impeded</t> <fex name="dur">for several months</fex> while negotiations continued.</ex></def-root>
<def-root>This FE signifies that the state of affairs expressed by the main clause (containing the target) occurs or holds, and something other than that state of affairs would be expected given the state of affairs in the concessive clause. In other words, given only the facts of the *Concessive, one would expect them to cause the world to be the opposite of what is protrayed in the main clause.</def-root>
<def-root>This frame element is defined as the number of times an event occurs per some unit of time. </def-root>
<def-root>Circumstances describe the state of the world (at a particular time and place) which is specifically independent of the event itself and any of its participants.</def-root>
Event
Difficulty
COD: delay or impede.
COD: hinder or impede the movement or progress of.
COD: delay or block the progress or action of.
COD: prevent or hinder.
COD: constrain or impede.
COD: severely restrict the scope, extent, or activity of.
COD: to place at a disadvantage
COD: hinder, restrain, or prevent (an action or process).
COD: impede or burden.
COD: become or cause to become late or slow.
COD: delay or hold back in terms of development or progress.
COD: a thing that hinders.
COD: a hindrance or obstruction.
COD: a burden or impediment.
COD: the action of obstructing or the state of being obstructed.
COD: a thing that obstructs.
FN: creating a hinderance
COD: prevent (a plan or action) from progressing, succeeding, or being fulfilled.
COD: the action of interfering or process of being interfered with.
COD: an obstacle or difficulty.
FN: a difficulty or challenge
FN: Obstruct or impede.
FN: to keep/put down or quell
FN: tending or serving to repress (keep down, quell)
FN: to hold back, limit, keep in check
FN: the state or fact of being restrained
FN: to retard; reduce the advancement or progress of
FN: to restrain or check
FN: cause (an event or action) to progress more slowly.